Weight training should begin with determining if medical clearance is warranted; if so, obtain it before you start a program. Sound training technique requires a proper grip and a stable position from which to lift. You must keep the object being lifted close to your body and use your legs rather than your back.
Remember, hips stay low as the legs straighten. This is true regardless of whether you are lifting a barbell or a box off the floor or spotting an exercise. Developing good fundamental techniques will help you avoid injury and work your muscles in ways that produce optimal results in weight lifting routines.
Once you have learned about and practiced fundamental lifting skills and proper breathing and spotting techniques, you are ready to move on learning how to perform and use the weight training exercises that will make up your new program.
Breathing
The best time to exhale in most exercises is during the sticking point, or the most difficult point in a repetition. Inhalation should occur during the relaxation phase, or easiest point in a repetition. For example, in the upward movement of the biceps curl, exhalation should occur when the forearms are parallel with the floor (the most difficult point). Inhalation should occur as the bar is being lowered (the easiest point). In exercises in which upper-torso stabilization is needed to help maintain a correct lifting position, such as in back squat or hang clean, breathing should occur at the end of the sticking point.
Be aware that in most exercises you will have a tendency to hold your breath too long. This should be avoided because it is dangerous! By not exhaling, you reduce the return of blood to your heart, which in turn reduces the blood flow to the brain. If the brain is deprived of oxygen-rich blood, you will become dizzy and may faint. Holding the breath too long is especially dangerous if you are performing overhead free-weight exercises. If you have high blood pressure, consulting a physician before you begin a weight training program is imperative; once training, you must exhale through the sticking point in each repetition.
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